    All data and simulations contained herein are taken from

    Dougalis, A.G., Matthews, G.A.C., Liss, B. & Ungless,
    M.A. (2017). Ionic currents influencing autorhythmicity and pacemaking
    in dopamine neurons of the ventrolateral periaquaductal gray and
    dorsal raphe nucleus (vlPAG/DR): a voltage-clamp and computational
    modeling study. Journal of Computational Neuroscience,
    doi: 10.1007/s10827-017-0641-0. [Apr 3-2017. Epub ahead of print]

    All conductance files are organised in a modular form for simplicity
    in *.mod file format (nine files). Current descriptions are based on
    experimental data from adult brain slices and are given a Hodgkin and
    Huxley formalism by describing the voltage and time dependence of the
    activation and inactivation gating variables with single order
    Boltzmann functions.

    To run the simulations make sure that you have NEURON installed in
    your computer. Download the vlPAG/DRN model folder containing all
    simulation files.

    Under mswin:
    ------------
    Run the mknrndll.exe (from the NEURON installation
    folder) and specify the vlPAG/DRN DA model folder as the target folder
    in order to compile the .mod files contained therein into an
    nrnmech.dll library file.

    Under unix/linux:
    ----------------
    Type nrnivmodl in the terminal window after cd'ing to the extracted folder.

    If you need more help see the file:

    https://senselab.med.yale.edu/ModelDB/NEURON_DwnldGuide.html

    After you have compiled the mod files:
    --------------------------------------

    The main hoc initiation file of the model is named mosinit.hoc. Double
    click on this to load automatically 1. the membrane mechanisms (given
    that you have compiled correctly the nrnmech.dll file of all .mod
    files contained in this folder in the previous step) and 2. four
    successive session files (.ses) that contain the required Graphical
    user Interface to run simulations, visualise the results, reproduce
    results from figures 7-10 from Dougalis et al., 2017. J Comput
    Neurosci and save all results from resulting simulations to a file
    (vlPAG_DRN Analysis.dat) if required.

    Double clicking the vlPAG_DRN DA model.hoc file will load NEURON and
    you should expect to get a welcome message and a help file loading
    automatically when you follow the instructions. Read the help file and
    inspect the simulator panels and graphical windows. The three
    graphical windows monitor the voltage (in mV) of the DA neuron (top
    window) and the inward (middle window) and outward (bottom window)
    current (in mA/cm2) flowing in simulation time (in ms, set to total
    simulation time of 5000ms) for all ionic conductances of the
    model. The simulations reproduce figure 9 from Dougalis et al., 2017 J
    Comput Neurosci.

    Figures 9a, b, and c are represented:

    Using the current/voltage clamp electrode located on the DA neuron,
    current clamp injections are possible for predifined polarity,
    duration and amplitude. Use these to explore the H-current mediated
    voltage sag and A-type mediated delayed reporalisation as well as
    instantaneous/sustained firing and threshold for depolarisation block
    and thus reproduce Figures 7 and 10 from Dougalis et al., 2017 J
    Comput Neurosci. Use the electrode in voltage clamp mode to observe
    the current flowing from indvidual ionic conductances during the
    voltage steps. Finally, using the parameter box, the user has full
    access to experiment with the model by altering a number of critical
    parameters controling individual conductances (reversal potential,
    maximal conductance, midpoints and slope of activation and
    inactivation of the gating mechanisms).For instance, by changing the
    maximal conductance (gbar) of any ionic conductance while observing
    the firing rate the data in Figure 8 from Dougalis et al., 2017 J
    Comput Neurosci can be reproduced. Further parameters that control the
    model behavior including, the rate of activation/inactivation of the
    gating mechanisms, can be accessed from the NEURON main menu through
    the following path NEURON main
    Menu--Tools--Distributed_Mechanisms--Viewer--Name_Values--Parameters.

    Any queries or problems with the model can be addressed to
    antoniosdougalis at hotmail.com

    last model file update: 17th April 2017, Antonios Dougalis

    Figures from the paper:
    Fig. 7:

    Fig. 8:

    Fig. 9:

    Fig. 10: