// mitral.hoc
//
// An olfactory bulb mitral cell model displaying mixed-mode oscillations of
// the membrane potential.
// From Rubin DB and Cleland TA (2006) "Dynamical mechanisms of odor processing
// in olfactory bulb mitral cells." J. Neurophysiology.
// April 2006
//
// Based on the model of Davison AP, Feng J, Brown D (2000) Brain Res Bulletin 51(5):393-399
xopen("$(NEURONHOME)/lib/hoc/noload.hoc") // standard run tools
xopen("tabchannels.hoc")
// Set morphological parameters
Atotal = 100000 // um2
Len = 100 // um
RM = 100000 // ohm.cm2
Erest = -65 // mV
p = 0.051
q = 0.084
r = 0.328
gpg = 5.86e-5 // S.cm-2
gsp = 5.47e-5 // S.cm-2
gsd = 1.94e-4 // S.cm-2
alphas = 1.37
alphag = 1.85
// Create cell
create soma, glom, prim, dend, s2d, s2p, p2g
access soma
// Connect the cell
soma connect s2p(0),0
s2p connect prim(0),1
prim connect p2g(0),1
p2g connect glom(0),1
soma connect s2d(0),1
s2d connect dend(0),1
// Create subsets
objref real
proc subsets() {
real = new SectionList() // "real" sections that have currents
soma real.append
prim real.append
dend real.append
glom real.append
}
subsets()
objref cvode
cvode = new CVode(1)
// Morphology procedures
proc set_ra() { // the argument is the conductance (S.cm-2)
Ra = (PI*1e4)/(4*Atotal) * ( 1/$1 ) // ohm.cm
}
proc set_size() { // the argument is the membrane area (um2)
diam = $1/(PI*Len) // um
}
proc change_params() {
Asoma = p*Atotal
Aglom = q*Atotal
Aprim = r*Atotal
Adend = Atotal - Asoma - Aglom - Aprim
soma {
set_size(Asoma)
}
glom {
set_size(Aglom)
}
prim {
set_size(Aprim)
}
dend {
set_size(Adend)
}
s2d { set_ra(gsd) }
s2p { set_ra(gsp) }
p2g { set_ra(gpg) }
}
// Set cell properties
forsec "*2*" {
L = 1
diam = 1
}
soma {
insert pas
insert nafast
insert kfasttab
insert kslowtab
insert kA
insert kca3
insert lcafixed
insert cad
insert kO
depth_cad = 8
L = Len
Ra = 1e-7
e_pas = Erest
g_pas = 1/RM
gnabar_nafast = 1.3532*1.5 ///////////////// 100% increase in Nat
gkbar_kfasttab = 0.1956
gkbar_kslowtab = 0.0028
gkbar_kA = 0.012
gkbar_kca3 = 0.12
gcabar_lcafixed = 0.0040
gkbar_kO = 0
eO = -90
}
glom {
insert pas
insert kslowtab
insert lcafixed
insert cad
depth_cad = 8
L = Len
Ra = 1e-7
e_pas = Erest
g_pas = 1/RM
gkbar_kslowtab = 0.020
gcabar_lcafixed = 0.0095
}
prim {
insert pas
insert nafast
insert kfasttab
insert kslowtab
insert kA
insert kca3
insert lcafixed
insert cad
depth_cad = 8
insert NaP
insert Ih
insert kO
L = Len
Ra = 1e-7
e_pas = Erest
g_pas = 1/RM
gkbar_kfasttab = 0.00123
gnabar_nafast = 0.00534*1.5 /////////////////////// 100% increase in Nat
gkbar_kslowtab = 0.00174
gcabar_lcafixed = 0.004
gkbar_kA = 0.00735
gkbar_kca3 = 0.1
gcabar_lcafixed = 0.0040
gbar_NaP = 0.00042
gkhbar_Ih = 0.0024*1.25 /////////////////// 25% increase in h
gkbar_kO = 0
eO = -90
}
dend {
insert pas
insert kfasttab
insert nafast
L = Len
Ra = 1e-7
e_pas = Erest
g_pas = 1/RM
gkbar_kfasttab = 0.0330
gnabar_nafast = 0.0226*1.5 /////////////////// 100% increase in Nat
}
// Set areas and link resistances
change_params()
// Set reversal potentials
forall if (ismembrane("ca_ion")) {
eca = 70
cai = 0.00001
cao = 2
ion_style("ca_ion",3,2,0,0,1)
}
forall if (ismembrane("na_ion")) {
ena = 55
}
forall if (ismembrane("k_ion")) {
ek = -90
}
load_file("nrngui.hoc")
// Insert stimulus mechanisms
objref stim1,stim2,syn
//prim stim1 = new IClamp(0.5)
soma stim1 = new IClamp(0.5)
stim1.amp = 0
stim1.del = 0
stim1.dur = 0
prim stim2 = new IClamp(0.5)
stim2.amp = 0
stim2.del = 0
stim2.dur = 0
glom syn = new AlphaSynapse(1)
syn.onset = 0
syn.tau = 0
syn.gmax = 0
syn.e = 0
// Generate figures from the paper (GUI)
xpanel("Figures")
xbutton("Figure 2A Top Trace","fig2Atop()")
xbutton("Figure 2A Middle Trace","fig2Amiddle()")
xbutton("Figure 2A Bottom Trace","fig2Abottom()")
xlabel("")
xbutton("Figure 2B Top Trace","fig2Btop()")
xbutton("Figure 2B Second Trace","fig2Bsecond()")
xbutton("Figure 2B Third Trace","fig2Bthird()")
xbutton("Figure 2B Bottom Trace","fig2Bbottom()")
xlabel("")
xbutton("Figure 3A","fig3A()")
xbutton("Figure 3B","fig3B()")
xbutton("Figure 3C Top","fig3Ctop()")
xbutton("Figure 3C Bottom","fig3Cbottom()")
xlabel("")
xbutton("Figure 4A","fig4A()")
xlabel("")
xbutton("Figure 5B","fig5B()")
xlabel("")
xbutton("Figure 6A","fig6A()")
xbutton("Figure 6B","fig6B()")
xbutton("Figure 6C","fig6C()")
xbutton("Figure 6D","fig6D()")
xbutton("Figure 6E","fig6E()")
xlabel("")
xbutton("Figure 7A","fig7A()")
xbutton("Figure 7B","fig7B()")
xlabel("")
xbutton("Figure 8A","fig8A()")
xbutton("Figure 8B","fig8B()")
xbutton("Figure 8C","fig8C()")
xpanel(1,1)
objref g, scene_vector_[4]
proc grapher(){
g = new Graph(0)
scene_vector_[3] = g
{g.view($1, $2, $3, $4, 400, 1, 700, 350)}
graphList[0].append(g)
g.save_name("graphList[0].")
g.addexpr("Membrane Potential","soma.v(0.5)", 1, 1, 0.8, 0.9, 2)
}
tstop = 5000
steps_per_ms = 100
dt = 0.01
grapher(0,-80,tstop,140)
proc fig2Atop(){
reset()
tstop = 2610
grapher(2510,-80,100,60)
stim1.amp = 1.6
stim1.dur = tstop
run()
}
proc fig2Amiddle(){
reset()
tstop = 1365
grapher(1265,-80,100,60)
stim1.amp = 1.0
stim1.dur = tstop
run()
}
proc fig2Abottom(){
reset()
tstop = 1200
grapher(1100,-80,100,60)
stim1.amp = 0.2
stim1.dur = tstop
run()
}
proc fig2Btop(){
reset()
tstop = 3100
grapher(2600,-80,500,140)
stim1.amp = 1.6
stim1.dur = tstop
run()
}
proc fig2Bsecond(){
reset()
tstop = 3100
grapher(2600,-80,500,140)
stim1.amp = 1.35
stim1.dur = tstop
run()
}
proc fig2Bthird(){
reset()
tstop = 3100
grapher(200,-80,2500,140)
stim1.amp = 1.2
stim1.dur = tstop
run()
}
proc fig2Bbottom(){
reset()
tstop = 3200
grapher(2600,-80,500,140)
stim1.amp = 0.2
stim1.dur = tstop
run()
}
proc fig3A(){
reset()
tstop = 1800
grapher(1600,-80,200,60)
stim1.amp = 0.25
stim1.dur = tstop
stim2.del = 1634
stim2.amp = 0
stim2.dur = 5
run()
g.exec_menu("Keep Lines")
g.addexpr("Membrane Potential w/Input","soma.v(0.5)", 2, 1, 0.8, 0.9, 2)
stim2.amp = -3.5
run()
}
proc fig3B(){
reset()
tstop = 2200
grapher(2000,-80,200,140)
stim1.amp = 0.25
stim1.dur = tstop
stim2.del = 2100
stim2.amp = -5
stim2.dur = 10
run()
}
proc fig3Ctop(){
reset()
tstop = 2200
grapher(2000,-80,200,140)
stim1.amp = 0.25
stim1.dur = tstop
syn.onset = 2100
syn.e = -65
syn.tau = 2.5
syn.gmax = 5
g.addexpr("Synaptic Current","(syn.i)/(glom.v(0.5) + 65.00001)", 2, 1, 0.8, 0.9, 2)
run()
}
proc fig3Cbottom(){
reset()
tstop = 2200
grapher(2000,-80,200,140)
stim1.amp = 0.25
stim1.dur = tstop
syn.onset = 2100
syn.e = -65
syn.tau = 2.5
syn.gmax = 25
g.addexpr("Synaptic Current","(syn.i)/(glom.v(0.5) + 65.00001)", 2, 1, 0.8, 0.9, 2)
run()
}
proc fig4A(){
reset()
tstop = 2200
grapher(2000,-80,200,140)
syn.onset = 2100
syn.e = 0
syn.tau = 50
syn.gmax = 0.01
g.addexpr("Synaptic Current","1000*(syn.i/glom.v(0.5))", 2, 1, 0.8, 0.9, 2)
run()
}
proc fig5B(){
reset()
tstop = 1750
grapher(1600,-100,150,160)
stim1.amp = 1.15
stim1.dur = tstop
run()
g.exec_menu("Keep Lines")
g.addexpr("Membrane Potential w/Reduced K","soma.v(0.5)", 2, 1, 0.75, 0.9, 2)
forall if (ismembrane("k_ion")) {
ek = -100
}
stim1.amp = 2.5
run()
}
proc fig6A(){
reset()
tstop = 4000
grapher(3000,-80,1000,140)
prim.gkbar_kA = 0
soma.gkbar_kA = 0
prim.gkbar_kO = 0.000114
prim.eO = -90
soma.gkbar_kO = 0.000219
soma.eO = -90
run()
}
proc fig6B(){
reset()
tstop = 4000
grapher(3000,-80,1000,140)
prim.gkbar_kca3 = 0
soma.gkbar_kca3 = 0
prim.gkbar_kO = 0.000166
prim.eO = -90
soma.gkbar_kO = 0.0001992
soma.eO = -90
run()
}
proc fig6C(){
reset()
tstop = 4000
grapher(3000,-80,1000,140)
prim.gkbar_kA = 0
soma.gkbar_kA = 0
prim.gkbar_kca3 = 0
soma.gkbar_kca3 = 0
prim.gkbar_kO = 0.00021
prim.eO = -90
soma.gkbar_kO = 0.000261
soma.eO = -90
run()
}
proc fig6D(){
reset()
tstop = 4000
grapher(3000,-80,1000,140)
prim.gbar_NaP = 0
prim.gkbar_kO = 0.000045
prim.eO = 55
run()
}
proc fig6E(){
reset()
tstop = 5000
grapher(4000,-80,1000,140)
prim.gkhbar_Ih = 0
prim.gkbar_kO = 0.00013715
prim.eO = 0
run()
}
proc fig7A(){
reset()
tstop = 4000
grapher(2000,-80,2000,140)
stim1.amp = 1.58
stim1.dur = tstop
run()
}
proc fig7B(){
reset()
tstop = 4000
grapher(2000,-80,2000,140)
stim1.amp = 1.58
stim1.dur = tstop
soma.gkbar_kA = soma.gkbar_kA/2
prim.gkbar_kA = prim.gkbar_kA/2
run()
}
proc fig8A(){
reset()
tstop = 2200
grapher(2000,-80,200,140)
syn.onset = 2100
syn.e = 0
syn.tau = 50
syn.gmax = 0.01
g.addexpr("Synaptic Current","1000*(syn.i/glom.v(0.5))", 2, 1, 0.8, 0.9, 2)
run()
}
proc fig8B(){
reset()
tstop = 2200
grapher(2000,-80,200,140)
syn.onset = 2100
syn.e = 0
syn.tau = 50
syn.gmax = 0.01
prim.gkbar_kO = 0.0001
prim.eO = -90
g.addexpr("Synaptic Current","1000*(syn.i/glom.v(0.5))", 2, 1, 0.8, 0.9, 2)
run()
}
proc fig8C(){
reset()
tstop = 2200
grapher(2000,-80,200,140)
syn.onset = 2100
syn.e = 0
syn.tau = 50
syn.gmax = 0.04
prim.gkbar_kO = 0.0001
prim.eO = -90
g.addexpr("Synaptic Current","1000*(syn.i/glom.v(0.5))", 2, 1, 0.8, 0.9, 2)
run()
}
proc reset(){
stim1.amp = 0
stim1.dur = 0
stim1.del = 0
stim2.amp = 0
stim2.del = 0
stim2.dur = 0
syn.gmax = 0
syn.e = 0
syn.tau = 0
syn.onset = 0
soma.gkbar_kA = 0.012
soma.gkbar_kca3 = 0.12
soma.gkbar_kO = 0
soma.eO = 0
prim.gkbar_kA = 0.00735
prim.gkbar_kca3 = 0.1
prim.gbar_NaP = 0.00042
prim.gkhbar_Ih = 0.0024*1.25 ///////////////// 25% increase in h
prim.gkbar_kO = 0
prim.eO = 0
forall if (ismembrane("k_ion")) {
ek = -90
}
g.erase_all
}