RMmodel.hoc The set of .mod files and the hoc file included here implement the models described for ventral cochlear nucleus neurons in the series of papers by Rothman and Manis (2003a,b,c; hereafter refered to as R&M). The equations for each channel type are implemented in separate .mod files. Please note that the models for IA, IHT and ILT are based on actual measurements in isolate well-voltage clamped guinea pig VCN neurons, as described in R&M, 2003b. The models for INa and Ih are based on average kinetic measurements of those conductances in other cell types (see R&M, 2003c), and are included as a matter of convenience and completeness. The files named "klt_kinetics.hoc", "kht_kinetics.hoc", "ia_kinetics.hoc", "na kinetics.mod" and "ih_kinetics.hoc" use only one (plus a passive conductance) channel to show the voltage dependence of the kinetics, the effect of the conductance on a current-clamp pulse in an otherwise passive cell, and the voltage clamp behavior over a range of voltages. These are mainly to confirm the behavior of the models. The file RMmodel.hoc reproduces traces in Figures 2, 3 and 4 of Rothman and Manis, 2003c. While the results are very close to the original models (which, in the paper, were run in ACSL, not NEURON, although the general behavior was verified in NEURON), in a few cases they are not identical. In particular, in Figure 2D, the "type I-II" model fires 2 action potentials in response to +100 pA depolarizations, however the NEURON model only fires one action potential followed by a subthreshold wavelet. Increasing the depolarization to +102 pA is sufficient to reproduce the result in the paper (you can verify this by selecting the model from the "Full IV Model Selection" button, entering 102 into the "IV max (pA)" box, 3 into the "# IV steps" box, and then hitting the "Run" button) . Such differences may arise from the different integration methods (unlikely here), or from small differences in the initial conditions for the models in the different simulation environments. To enable some generality to these models, an "IV" mode is included. To use this , select the model, and set the IV max current and the number of steps. The model cell will then be presented with -imax to +imax current steps. You can use this to explore, for example, the range over which the intermediate cell classes (type II-I and type I-II fire 1, 2, 3 or a train of action potentials, depending on the size of the low threshold conductance. Also included is a "type II-o" model, which is not in the original papers reached from the Full IV Model Selection" menu. This is modified, hybrid Type II model, with a very large low threshold potassium conductance, coupled with the Milgore (see NeuronDB) implementation of the Ih meausrements of Bal and Oertel, 2000 (hcno.mod). The model is designed to approximate a posterior ventral cochlear nucleus Octopus neuron. For comparison with published studies, it will be necessary to change the temperature in NEURON from 22 to 33 deg. C (Tools -> Distributed Mechanisms -> Celsius). Any questions regarding these implementations should be directed to: pmanis@med.unc.edu 2 April 2004 Paul B Manis, Ph.D.