# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Author: Mike McKerns (mmckerns @caltech and @uqfoundation)
# Copyright (c) 2008-2015 California Institute of Technology.
# Copyright (c) 2016-2019 The Uncertainty Quantification Foundation.
# License: 3-clause BSD. The full license text is available at:
# - https://github.com/uqfoundation/dill/blob/master/LICENSE
"""
dill: a utility for serialization of python objects
Based on code written by Oren Tirosh and Armin Ronacher.
Extended to a (near) full set of the builtin types (in types module),
and coded to the pickle interface, by <mmckerns@caltech.edu>.
Initial port to python3 by Jonathan Dobson, continued by mmckerns.
Test against "all" python types (Std. Lib. CH 1-15 @ 2.7) by mmckerns.
Test against CH16+ Std. Lib. ... TBD.
"""
__all__ = ['dump','dumps','load','loads','dump_session','load_session',
'Pickler','Unpickler','register','copy','pickle','pickles',
'check','HIGHEST_PROTOCOL','DEFAULT_PROTOCOL','PicklingError',
'UnpicklingError','HANDLE_FMODE','CONTENTS_FMODE','FILE_FMODE']
import logging
log = logging.getLogger("dill")
log.addHandler(logging.StreamHandler())
def _trace(boolean):
"""print a trace through the stack when pickling; useful for debugging"""
if boolean: log.setLevel(logging.INFO)
else: log.setLevel(logging.WARN)
return
stack = dict() # record of 'recursion-sensitive' pickled objects
import os
import sys
diff = None
_use_diff = False
PY3 = (sys.hexversion >= 0x30000f0)
# OLDER: 3.0 <= x < 3.4 *OR* x < 2.7.10 #NOTE: guessing relevant versions
OLDER = (PY3 and sys.hexversion < 0x30400f0) or (sys.hexversion < 0x2070af0)
PY34 = (0x30400f0 <= sys.hexversion < 0x30500f0)
if PY3: #XXX: get types from .objtypes ?
import builtins as __builtin__
from pickle import _Pickler as StockPickler, Unpickler as StockUnpickler
from _thread import LockType
if (sys.hexversion >= 0x30200f0):
from _thread import RLock as RLockType
else:
from threading import _RLock as RLockType
#from io import IOBase
from types import CodeType, FunctionType, MethodType, GeneratorType, \
TracebackType, FrameType, ModuleType, BuiltinMethodType
BufferType = memoryview #XXX: unregistered
ClassType = type # no 'old-style' classes
EllipsisType = type(Ellipsis)
#FileType = IOBase
NotImplementedType = type(NotImplemented)
SliceType = slice
TypeType = type # 'new-style' classes #XXX: unregistered
XRangeType = range
DictProxyType = type(object.__dict__)
else:
import __builtin__
from pickle import Pickler as StockPickler, Unpickler as StockUnpickler
from thread import LockType
from threading import _RLock as RLockType
from types import CodeType, FunctionType, ClassType, MethodType, \
GeneratorType, DictProxyType, XRangeType, SliceType, TracebackType, \
NotImplementedType, EllipsisType, FrameType, ModuleType, \
BufferType, BuiltinMethodType, TypeType
from pickle import HIGHEST_PROTOCOL, PicklingError, UnpicklingError
try:
from pickle import DEFAULT_PROTOCOL
except ImportError:
DEFAULT_PROTOCOL = HIGHEST_PROTOCOL
import __main__ as _main_module
import marshal
import gc
# import zlib
from weakref import ReferenceType, ProxyType, CallableProxyType
from functools import partial
from operator import itemgetter, attrgetter
# new in python3.3
if sys.hexversion < 0x03030000:
FileNotFoundError = IOError
if PY3 and sys.hexversion < 0x03040000:
GENERATOR_FAIL = True
else: GENERATOR_FAIL = False
try:
import ctypes
HAS_CTYPES = True
# if using `pypy`, pythonapi is not found
IS_PYPY = not hasattr(ctypes, 'pythonapi')
except ImportError:
HAS_CTYPES = False
IS_PYPY = False
NumpyUfuncType = None
NumpyArrayType = None
try:
if OLDER:
raise AttributeError('find_spec not found')
import importlib
if not importlib.machinery.PathFinder().find_spec('numpy'):
raise ImportError("No module named 'numpy'")
NumpyUfuncType = True
NumpyArrayType = True
except AttributeError:
try:
import imp
imp.find_module('numpy')
NumpyUfuncType = True
NumpyArrayType = True
except ImportError:
pass
except ImportError:
pass
def __hook__():
global NumpyArrayType, NumpyUfuncType
from numpy import ufunc as NumpyUfuncType
from numpy import ndarray as NumpyArrayType
return True
if NumpyArrayType: # then has numpy
def ndarraysubclassinstance(obj):
if type(obj) in (TypeType, ClassType):
return False # all classes return False
try: # check if is ndarray, and elif is subclass of ndarray
cls = getattr(obj, '__class__', None)
if cls is None: return False
elif cls is TypeType: return False
elif 'numpy.ndarray' not in str(getattr(cls, 'mro', int.mro)()):
return False
except ReferenceError: return False # handle 'R3' weakref in 3.x
except TypeError: return False
# anything below here is a numpy array (or subclass) instance
__hook__() # import numpy (so the following works!!!)
# verify that __reduce__ has not been overridden
NumpyInstance = NumpyArrayType((0,),'int8')
if id(obj.__reduce_ex__) == id(NumpyInstance.__reduce_ex__) and \
id(obj.__reduce__) == id(NumpyInstance.__reduce__): return True
return False
def numpyufunc(obj):
if type(obj) in (TypeType, ClassType):
return False # all classes return False
try: # check if is ufunc
cls = getattr(obj, '__class__', None)
if cls is None: return False
elif cls is TypeType: return False
if 'numpy.ufunc' not in str(getattr(cls, 'mro', int.mro)()):
return False
except ReferenceError: return False # handle 'R3' weakref in 3.x
except TypeError: return False
# anything below here is a numpy ufunc
return True
else:
def ndarraysubclassinstance(obj): return False
def numpyufunc(obj): return False
# make sure to add these 'hand-built' types to _typemap
if PY3:
CellType = type((lambda x: lambda y: x)(0).__closure__[0])
else:
CellType = type((lambda x: lambda y: x)(0).func_closure[0])
# new in python2.5
if sys.hexversion >= 0x20500f0:
from types import GetSetDescriptorType
if not IS_PYPY:
from types import MemberDescriptorType
else:
# oddly, MemberDescriptorType is GetSetDescriptorType
# while, member_descriptor does exist otherwise... is this a pypy bug?
class _member(object):
__slots__ = ['descriptor']
MemberDescriptorType = type(_member.descriptor)
if IS_PYPY:
WrapperDescriptorType = MethodType
MethodDescriptorType = FunctionType
ClassMethodDescriptorType = FunctionType
else:
WrapperDescriptorType = type(type.__repr__)
MethodDescriptorType = type(type.__dict__['mro'])
ClassMethodDescriptorType = type(type.__dict__['__prepare__' if PY3 else 'mro'])
MethodWrapperType = type([].__repr__)
PartialType = type(partial(int,base=2))
SuperType = type(super(Exception, TypeError()))
ItemGetterType = type(itemgetter(0))
AttrGetterType = type(attrgetter('__repr__'))
def get_file_type(*args, **kwargs):
open = kwargs.pop("open", __builtin__.open)
f = open(os.devnull, *args, **kwargs)
t = type(f)
f.close()
return t
FileType = get_file_type('rb', buffering=0)
TextWrapperType = get_file_type('r', buffering=-1)
BufferedRandomType = get_file_type('r+b', buffering=-1)
BufferedReaderType = get_file_type('rb', buffering=-1)
BufferedWriterType = get_file_type('wb', buffering=-1)
try:
from _pyio import open as _open
PyTextWrapperType = get_file_type('r', buffering=-1, open=_open)
PyBufferedRandomType = get_file_type('r+b', buffering=-1, open=_open)
PyBufferedReaderType = get_file_type('rb', buffering=-1, open=_open)
PyBufferedWriterType = get_file_type('wb', buffering=-1, open=_open)
except ImportError:
PyTextWrapperType = PyBufferedRandomType = PyBufferedReaderType = PyBufferedWriterType = None
try:
from cStringIO import StringIO, InputType, OutputType
except ImportError:
if PY3:
from io import BytesIO as StringIO
else:
from StringIO import StringIO
InputType = OutputType = None
try:
__IPYTHON__ is True # is ipython
ExitType = None # IPython.core.autocall.ExitAutocall
singletontypes = ['exit', 'quit', 'get_ipython']
except NameError:
try: ExitType = type(exit) # apparently 'exit' can be removed
except NameError: ExitType = None
singletontypes = []
### File modes
# Pickles the file handle, preserving mode. The position of the unpickled
# object is as for a new file handle.
HANDLE_FMODE = 0
# Pickles the file contents, creating a new file if on load the file does
# not exist. The position = min(pickled position, EOF) and mode is chosen
# as such that "best" preserves behavior of the original file.
CONTENTS_FMODE = 1
# Pickles the entire file (handle and contents), preserving mode and position.
FILE_FMODE = 2
### Shorthands (modified from python2.5/lib/pickle.py)
def copy(obj, *args, **kwds):
"""use pickling to 'copy' an object"""
return loads(dumps(obj, *args, **kwds))
def dump(obj, file, protocol=None, byref=None, fmode=None, recurse=None):#, strictio=None):
"""pickle an object to a file"""
from .settings import settings
strictio = False #FIXME: strict=True needs cleanup
if protocol is None: protocol = settings['protocol']
if byref is None: byref = settings['byref']
if fmode is None: fmode = settings['fmode']
if recurse is None: recurse = settings['recurse']
stack.clear() # clear record of 'recursion-sensitive' pickled objects
pik = Pickler(file, protocol)
pik._main = _main_module
# apply kwd settings
pik._byref = bool(byref)
pik._strictio = bool(strictio)
pik._fmode = fmode
pik._recurse = bool(recurse)
# register if the object is a numpy ufunc
# thanks to Paul Kienzle for pointing out ufuncs didn't pickle
if NumpyUfuncType and numpyufunc(obj):
@register(type(obj))
def save_numpy_ufunc(pickler, obj):
log.info("Nu: %s" % obj)
StockPickler.save_global(pickler, obj)
log.info("# Nu")
return
# NOTE: the above 'save' performs like:
# import copy_reg
# def udump(f): return f.__name__
# def uload(name): return getattr(numpy, name)
# copy_reg.pickle(NumpyUfuncType, udump, uload)
# register if the object is a subclassed numpy array instance
if NumpyArrayType and ndarraysubclassinstance(obj):
@register(type(obj))
def save_numpy_array(pickler, obj):
log.info("Nu: (%s, %s)" % (obj.shape,obj.dtype))
npdict = getattr(obj, '__dict__', None)
f, args, state = obj.__reduce__()
pickler.save_reduce(_create_array, (f,args,state,npdict), obj=obj)
log.info("# Nu")
return
# end hack
if GENERATOR_FAIL and type(obj) == GeneratorType:
msg = "Can't pickle %s: attribute lookup builtins.generator failed" % GeneratorType
raise PicklingError(msg)
else:
pik.dump(obj)
stack.clear() # clear record of 'recursion-sensitive' pickled objects
return
def dumps(obj, protocol=None, byref=None, fmode=None, recurse=None):#, strictio=None):
"""pickle an object to a string"""
file = StringIO()
dump(obj, file, protocol, byref, fmode, recurse)#, strictio)
return file.getvalue()
def load(file, ignore=None):
"""unpickle an object from a file"""
from .settings import settings
if ignore is None: ignore = settings['ignore']
pik = Unpickler(file)
pik._main = _main_module
# apply kwd settings
pik._ignore = bool(ignore)
obj = pik.load()
if type(obj).__module__ == getattr(_main_module, '__name__', '__main__'):
if not ignore:
# point obj class to main
try: obj.__class__ = getattr(pik._main, type(obj).__name__)
except (AttributeError,TypeError): pass # defined in a file
#_main_module.__dict__.update(obj.__dict__) #XXX: should update globals ?
return obj
def loads(str, ignore=None):
"""unpickle an object from a string"""
file = StringIO(str)
return load(file, ignore)
# def dumpzs(obj, protocol=None):
# """pickle an object to a compressed string"""
# return zlib.compress(dumps(obj, protocol))
# def loadzs(str):
# """unpickle an object from a compressed string"""
# return loads(zlib.decompress(str))
### End: Shorthands ###
### Pickle the Interpreter Session
def _module_map():
"""get map of imported modules"""
from collections import defaultdict
modmap = defaultdict(list)
items = 'items' if PY3 else 'iteritems'
for name, module in getattr(sys.modules, items)():
if module is None:
continue
for objname, obj in module.__dict__.items():
modmap[objname].append((obj, name))
return modmap
def _lookup_module(modmap, name, obj, main_module): #FIXME: needs work
"""lookup name if module is imported"""
for modobj, modname in modmap[name]:
if modobj is obj and modname != main_module.__name__:
return modname
def _stash_modules(main_module):
modmap = _module_map()
imported = []
original = {}
items = 'items' if PY3 else 'iteritems'
for name, obj in getattr(main_module.__dict__, items)():
source_module = _lookup_module(modmap, name, obj, main_module)
if source_module:
imported.append((source_module, name))
else:
original[name] = obj
if len(imported):
import types
newmod = types.ModuleType(main_module.__name__)
newmod.__dict__.update(original)
newmod.__dill_imported = imported
return newmod
else:
return original
def _restore_modules(main_module):
if '__dill_imported' not in main_module.__dict__:
return
imports = main_module.__dict__.pop('__dill_imported')
for module, name in imports:
exec("from %s import %s" % (module, name), main_module.__dict__)
#NOTE: 06/03/15 renamed main_module to main
def dump_session(filename='/tmp/session.pkl', main=None, byref=False):
"""pickle the current state of __main__ to a file"""
from .settings import settings
protocol = settings['protocol']
if main is None: main = _main_module
if hasattr(filename, 'write'):
f = filename
else:
f = open(filename, 'wb')
try:
if byref:
main = _stash_modules(main)
pickler = Pickler(f, protocol)
pickler._main = main
pickler._byref = False # disable pickling by name reference
pickler._recurse = False # disable pickling recursion for globals
pickler._session = True # is best indicator of when pickling a session
pickler.dump(main)
finally:
if f is not filename: # If newly opened file
f.close()
return
def load_session(filename='/tmp/session.pkl', main=None):
"""update the __main__ module with the state from the session file"""
if main is None: main = _main_module
if hasattr(filename, 'read'):
f = filename
else:
f = open(filename, 'rb')
try:
unpickler = Unpickler(f)
unpickler._main = main
unpickler._session = True
module = unpickler.load()
unpickler._session = False
main.__dict__.update(module.__dict__)
_restore_modules(main)
finally:
if f is not filename: # If newly opened file
f.close()
return
### End: Pickle the Interpreter
class MetaCatchingDict(dict):
def get(self, key, default=None):
try:
return self[key]
except KeyError:
return default
def __missing__(self, key):
if issubclass(key, type):
return save_type
else:
raise KeyError()
### Extend the Picklers
class Pickler(StockPickler):
"""python's Pickler extended to interpreter sessions"""
dispatch = MetaCatchingDict(StockPickler.dispatch.copy())
_main = None
_session = False
from .settings import settings
_byref = settings['byref']
_strictio = False
_fmode = settings['fmode']
_recurse = settings['recurse']
def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
_byref = kwds.pop('byref', Pickler._byref)
#_strictio = kwds.pop('strictio', Pickler._strictio)
_fmode = kwds.pop('fmode', Pickler._fmode)
_recurse = kwds.pop('recurse', Pickler._recurse)
StockPickler.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
self._main = _main_module
self._diff_cache = {}
self._byref = _byref
#self._strictio = _strictio
self._fmode = _fmode
self._recurse = _recurse
pass
class Unpickler(StockUnpickler):
"""python's Unpickler extended to interpreter sessions and more types"""
from .settings import settings
_ignore = settings['ignore']
_main = None
_session = False
def find_class(self, module, name):
if (module, name) == ('__builtin__', '__main__'):
return self._main.__dict__ #XXX: above set w/save_module_dict
elif (module, name) == ('__builtin__', 'NoneType'):
return type(None) #XXX: special case: NoneType missing
if module == 'dill.dill': module = 'dill._dill'
return StockUnpickler.find_class(self, module, name)
def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
_ignore = kwds.pop('ignore', Unpickler._ignore)
StockUnpickler.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
self._main = _main_module
self._ignore = _ignore
pass
'''
def dispatch_table():
"""get the dispatch table of registered types"""
return Pickler.dispatch
'''
pickle_dispatch_copy = StockPickler.dispatch.copy()
def pickle(t, func):
"""expose dispatch table for user-created extensions"""
Pickler.dispatch[t] = func
return
def register(t):
def proxy(func):
Pickler.dispatch[t] = func
return func
return proxy
def _revert_extension():
for type, func in list(StockPickler.dispatch.items()):
if func.__module__ == __name__:
del StockPickler.dispatch[type]
if type in pickle_dispatch_copy:
StockPickler.dispatch[type] = pickle_dispatch_copy[type]
def use_diff(on=True):
"""
reduces size of pickles by only including object which have changed.
Decreases pickle size but increases CPU time needed.
Also helps avoid some unpicklable objects.
MUST be called at start of script, otherwise changes will not be recorded.
"""
global _use_diff, diff
_use_diff = on
if _use_diff and diff is None:
try:
from . import diff as d
except:
import diff as d
diff = d
def _create_typemap():
import types
if PY3:
d = dict(list(__builtin__.__dict__.items()) + \
list(types.__dict__.items())).items()
builtin = 'builtins'
else:
d = types.__dict__.iteritems()
builtin = '__builtin__'
for key, value in d:
if getattr(value, '__module__', None) == builtin \
and type(value) is type:
yield key, value
return
_reverse_typemap = dict(_create_typemap())
_reverse_typemap.update({
'CellType': CellType,
'MethodWrapperType': MethodWrapperType,
'PartialType': PartialType,
'SuperType': SuperType,
'ItemGetterType': ItemGetterType,
'AttrGetterType': AttrGetterType,
'FileType': FileType,
'BufferedRandomType': BufferedRandomType,
'BufferedReaderType': BufferedReaderType,
'BufferedWriterType': BufferedWriterType,
'TextWrapperType': TextWrapperType,
'PyBufferedRandomType': PyBufferedRandomType,
'PyBufferedReaderType': PyBufferedReaderType,
'PyBufferedWriterType': PyBufferedWriterType,
'PyTextWrapperType': PyTextWrapperType,
})
if ExitType:
_reverse_typemap['ExitType'] = ExitType
if InputType:
_reverse_typemap['InputType'] = InputType
_reverse_typemap['OutputType'] = OutputType
if not IS_PYPY:
_reverse_typemap['WrapperDescriptorType'] = WrapperDescriptorType
_reverse_typemap['MethodDescriptorType'] = MethodDescriptorType
_reverse_typemap['ClassMethodDescriptorType'] = ClassMethodDescriptorType
else:
_reverse_typemap['MemberDescriptorType'] = MemberDescriptorType
if PY3:
_typemap = dict((v, k) for k, v in _reverse_typemap.items())
else:
_typemap = dict((v, k) for k, v in _reverse_typemap.iteritems())
def _unmarshal(string):
return marshal.loads(string)
def _load_type(name):
return _reverse_typemap[name]
def _create_type(typeobj, *args):
return typeobj(*args)
def _create_function(fcode, fglobals, fname=None, fdefaults=None, \
fclosure=None, fdict=None):
# same as FunctionType, but enable passing __dict__ to new function,
# __dict__ is the storehouse for attributes added after function creation
if fdict is None: fdict = dict()
func = FunctionType(fcode, fglobals or dict(), fname, fdefaults, fclosure)
func.__dict__.update(fdict) #XXX: better copy? option to copy?
return func
def _create_ftype(ftypeobj, func, args, kwds):
if kwds is None:
kwds = {}
if args is None:
args = ()
return ftypeobj(func, *args, **kwds)
def _create_lock(locked, *args): #XXX: ignores 'blocking'
from threading import Lock
lock = Lock()
if locked:
if not lock.acquire(False):
raise UnpicklingError("Cannot acquire lock")
return lock
def _create_rlock(count, owner, *args): #XXX: ignores 'blocking'
lock = RLockType()
if owner is not None:
lock._acquire_restore((count, owner))
if owner and not lock._is_owned():
raise UnpicklingError("Cannot acquire lock")
return lock
# thanks to matsjoyce for adding all the different file modes
def _create_filehandle(name, mode, position, closed, open, strictio, fmode, fdata): # buffering=0
# only pickles the handle, not the file contents... good? or StringIO(data)?
# (for file contents see: http://effbot.org/librarybook/copy-reg.htm)
# NOTE: handle special cases first (are there more special cases?)
names = {'<stdin>':sys.__stdin__, '<stdout>':sys.__stdout__,
'<stderr>':sys.__stderr__} #XXX: better fileno=(0,1,2) ?
if name in list(names.keys()):
f = names[name] #XXX: safer "f=sys.stdin"
elif name == '<tmpfile>':
f = os.tmpfile()
elif name == '<fdopen>':
import tempfile
f = tempfile.TemporaryFile(mode)
else:
# treat x mode as w mode
if "x" in mode and sys.hexversion < 0x03030000:
raise ValueError("invalid mode: '%s'" % mode)
try:
exists = os.path.exists(name)
except:
exists = False
if not exists:
if strictio:
raise FileNotFoundError("[Errno 2] No such file or directory: '%s'" % name)
elif "r" in mode and fmode != FILE_FMODE:
name = '<fdopen>' # or os.devnull?
current_size = 0 # or maintain position?
else:
current_size = os.path.getsize(name)
if position > current_size:
if strictio:
raise ValueError("invalid buffer size")
elif fmode == CONTENTS_FMODE:
position = current_size
# try to open the file by name
# NOTE: has different fileno
try:
#FIXME: missing: *buffering*, encoding, softspace
if fmode == FILE_FMODE:
f = open(name, mode if "w" in mode else "w")
f.write(fdata)
if "w" not in mode:
f.close()
f = open(name, mode)
elif name == '<fdopen>': # file did not exist
import tempfile
f = tempfile.TemporaryFile(mode)
elif fmode == CONTENTS_FMODE \
and ("w" in mode or "x" in mode):
# stop truncation when opening
flags = os.O_CREAT
if "+" in mode:
flags |= os.O_RDWR
else:
flags |= os.O_WRONLY
f = os.fdopen(os.open(name, flags), mode)
# set name to the correct value
if PY3:
r = getattr(f, "buffer", f)
r = getattr(r, "raw", r)
r.name = name
else:
if not HAS_CTYPES:
raise ImportError("No module named 'ctypes'")
class FILE(ctypes.Structure):
_fields_ = [("refcount", ctypes.c_long),
("type_obj", ctypes.py_object),
("file_pointer", ctypes.c_voidp),
("name", ctypes.py_object)]
class PyObject(ctypes.Structure):
_fields_ = [
("ob_refcnt", ctypes.c_int),
("ob_type", ctypes.py_object)
]
#FIXME: CONTENTS_FMODE fails for pypy due to issue #1233
# https://bitbucket.org/pypy/pypy/issues/1233
ctypes.cast(id(f), ctypes.POINTER(FILE)).contents.name = name
ctypes.cast(id(name), ctypes.POINTER(PyObject)).contents.ob_refcnt += 1
assert f.name == name
else:
f = open(name, mode)
except (IOError, FileNotFoundError):
err = sys.exc_info()[1]
raise UnpicklingError(err)
if closed:
f.close()
elif position >= 0 and fmode != HANDLE_FMODE:
f.seek(position)
return f
def _create_stringi(value, position, closed):
f = StringIO(value)
if closed: f.close()
else: f.seek(position)
return f
def _create_stringo(value, position, closed):
f = StringIO()
if closed: f.close()
else:
f.write(value)
f.seek(position)
return f
class _itemgetter_helper(object):
def __init__(self):
self.items = []
def __getitem__(self, item):
self.items.append(item)
return
class _attrgetter_helper(object):
def __init__(self, attrs, index=None):
self.attrs = attrs
self.index = index
def __getattribute__(self, attr):
attrs = object.__getattribute__(self, "attrs")
index = object.__getattribute__(self, "index")
if index is None:
index = len(attrs)
attrs.append(attr)
else:
attrs[index] = ".".join([attrs[index], attr])
return type(self)(attrs, index)
if PY3:
def _create_cell(contents):
return (lambda y: contents).__closure__[0]
else:
def _create_cell(contents):
return (lambda y: contents).func_closure[0]
def _create_weakref(obj, *args):
from weakref import ref
if obj is None: # it's dead
if PY3:
from collections import UserDict
else:
from UserDict import UserDict
return ref(UserDict(), *args)
return ref(obj, *args)
def _create_weakproxy(obj, callable=False, *args):
from weakref import proxy
if obj is None: # it's dead
if callable: return proxy(lambda x:x, *args)
if PY3:
from collections import UserDict
else:
from UserDict import UserDict
return proxy(UserDict(), *args)
return proxy(obj, *args)
def _eval_repr(repr_str):
return eval(repr_str)
def _create_array(f, args, state, npdict=None):
#array = numpy.core.multiarray._reconstruct(*args)
array = f(*args)
array.__setstate__(state)
if npdict is not None: # we also have saved state in __dict__
array.__dict__.update(npdict)
return array
def _create_namedtuple(name, fieldnames, modulename):
mod = _import_module(modulename, safe=True)
if mod is not None:
try:
return getattr(mod, name)
except:
pass
import collections
t = collections.namedtuple(name, fieldnames)
t.__module__ = modulename
return t
def _getattr(objclass, name, repr_str):
# hack to grab the reference directly
try: #XXX: works only for __builtin__ ?
attr = repr_str.split("'")[3]
return eval(attr+'.__dict__["'+name+'"]')
except:
try:
attr = objclass.__dict__
if type(attr) is DictProxyType:
attr = attr[name]
else:
attr = getattr(objclass,name)
except:
attr = getattr(objclass,name)
return attr
def _get_attr(self, name):
# stop recursive pickling
return getattr(self, name, None) or getattr(__builtin__, name)
def _dict_from_dictproxy(dictproxy):
_dict = dictproxy.copy() # convert dictproxy to dict
_dict.pop('__dict__', None)
_dict.pop('__weakref__', None)
_dict.pop('__prepare__', None)
return _dict
def _import_module(import_name, safe=False):
try:
if '.' in import_name:
items = import_name.split('.')
module = '.'.join(items[:-1])
obj = items[-1]
else:
return __import__(import_name)
return getattr(__import__(module, None, None, [obj]), obj)
except (ImportError, AttributeError):
if safe:
return None
raise
def _locate_function(obj, session=False):
if obj.__module__ in ['__main__', None]: # and session:
return False
found = _import_module(obj.__module__ + '.' + obj.__name__, safe=True)
return found is obj
#@register(CodeType)
#def save_code(pickler, obj):
# log.info("Co: %s" % obj)
# pickler.save_reduce(_unmarshal, (marshal.dumps(obj),), obj=obj)
# log.info("# Co")
# return
# The following function is based on 'save_codeobject' from 'cloudpickle'
# Copyright (c) 2012, Regents of the University of California.
# Copyright (c) 2009 `PiCloud, Inc. <http://www.picloud.com>`_.
# License: https://github.com/cloudpipe/cloudpickle/blob/master/LICENSE
@register(CodeType)
def save_code(pickler, obj):
log.info("Co: %s" % obj)
if PY3:
args = (
obj.co_argcount, obj.co_kwonlyargcount, obj.co_nlocals,
obj.co_stacksize, obj.co_flags, obj.co_code, obj.co_consts,
obj.co_names, obj.co_varnames, obj.co_filename, obj.co_name,
obj.co_firstlineno, obj.co_lnotab, obj.co_freevars, obj.co_cellvars
)
else:
args = (
obj.co_argcount, obj.co_nlocals, obj.co_stacksize, obj.co_flags,
obj.co_code, obj.co_consts, obj.co_names, obj.co_varnames,
obj.co_filename, obj.co_name, obj.co_firstlineno, obj.co_lnotab,
obj.co_freevars, obj.co_cellvars
)
pickler.save_reduce(CodeType, args, obj=obj)
log.info("# Co")
return
@register(dict)
def save_module_dict(pickler, obj):
if is_dill(pickler) and obj == pickler._main.__dict__ and not pickler._session:
log.info("D1: <dict%s" % str(obj.__repr__).split('dict')[-1]) # obj
if PY3:
pickler.write(bytes('c__builtin__\n__main__\n', 'UTF-8'))
else:
pickler.write('c__builtin__\n__main__\n')
log.info("# D1")
elif (not is_dill(pickler)) and (obj == _main_module.__dict__):
log.info("D3: <dict%s" % str(obj.__repr__).split('dict')[-1]) # obj
if PY3:
pickler.write(bytes('c__main__\n__dict__\n', 'UTF-8'))
else:
pickler.write('c__main__\n__dict__\n') #XXX: works in general?
log.info("# D3")
elif '__name__' in obj and obj != _main_module.__dict__ \
and type(obj['__name__']) is str \
and obj is getattr(_import_module(obj['__name__'],True), '__dict__', None):
log.info("D4: <dict%s" % str(obj.__repr__).split('dict')[-1]) # obj
if PY3:
pickler.write(bytes('c%s\n__dict__\n' % obj['__name__'], 'UTF-8'))
else:
pickler.write('c%s\n__dict__\n' % obj['__name__'])
log.info("# D4")
else:
log.info("D2: <dict%s" % str(obj.__repr__).split('dict')[-1]) # obj
if is_dill(pickler) and pickler._session:
# we only care about session the first pass thru
pickler._session = False
StockPickler.save_dict(pickler, obj)
log.info("# D2")
return
@register(ClassType)
def save_classobj(pickler, obj): #FIXME: enable pickler._byref
#stack[id(obj)] = len(stack), obj
if obj.__module__ == '__main__': #XXX: use _main_module.__name__ everywhere?
log.info("C1: %s" % obj)
pickler.save_reduce(ClassType, (obj.__name__, obj.__bases__,
obj.__dict__), obj=obj)
#XXX: or obj.__dict__.copy()), obj=obj) ?
log.info("# C1")
else:
log.info("C2: %s" % obj)
StockPickler.save_global(pickler, obj)
log.info("# C2")
return
@register(LockType)
def save_lock(pickler, obj):
log.info("Lo: %s" % obj)
pickler.save_reduce(_create_lock, (obj.locked(),), obj=obj)
log.info("# Lo")
return
@register(RLockType)
def save_rlock(pickler, obj):
log.info("RL: %s" % obj)
r = obj.__repr__() # don't use _release_save as it unlocks the lock
count = int(r.split('count=')[1].split()[0].rstrip('>'))
owner = int(r.split('owner=')[1].split()[0]) if PY3 else getattr(obj, '_RLock__owner')
pickler.save_reduce(_create_rlock, (count,owner,), obj=obj)
log.info("# RL")
return
@register(ItemGetterType)
def save_itemgetter(pickler, obj):
log.info("Ig: %s" % obj)
helper = _itemgetter_helper()
obj(helper)
pickler.save_reduce(type(obj), tuple(helper.items), obj=obj)
log.info("# Ig")
return
@register(AttrGetterType)
def save_attrgetter(pickler, obj):
log.info("Ag: %s" % obj)
attrs = []
helper = _attrgetter_helper(attrs)
obj(helper)
pickler.save_reduce(type(obj), tuple(attrs), obj=obj)
log.info("# Ag")
return
def _save_file(pickler, obj, open_):
if obj.closed:
position = 0
else:
obj.flush()
if obj in (sys.__stdout__, sys.__stderr__, sys.__stdin__):
position = -1
else:
position = obj.tell()
if is_dill(pickler) and pickler._fmode == FILE_FMODE:
f = open_(obj.name, "r")
fdata = f.read()
f.close()
else:
fdata = ""
if is_dill(pickler):
strictio = pickler._strictio
fmode = pickler._fmode
else:
strictio = False
fmode = 0 # HANDLE_FMODE
pickler.save_reduce(_create_filehandle, (obj.name, obj.mode, position,
obj.closed, open_, strictio,
fmode, fdata), obj=obj)
return
@register(FileType) #XXX: in 3.x has buffer=0, needs different _create?
@register(BufferedRandomType)
@register(BufferedReaderType)
@register(BufferedWriterType)
@register(TextWrapperType)
def save_file(pickler, obj):
log.info("Fi: %s" % obj)
f = _save_file(pickler, obj, open)
log.info("# Fi")
return f
if PyTextWrapperType:
@register(PyBufferedRandomType)
@register(PyBufferedReaderType)
@register(PyBufferedWriterType)
@register(PyTextWrapperType)
def save_file(pickler, obj):
log.info("Fi: %s" % obj)
f = _save_file(pickler, obj, _open)
log.info("# Fi")
return f
# The following two functions are based on 'saveCStringIoInput'
# and 'saveCStringIoOutput' from spickle
# Copyright (c) 2011 by science+computing ag
# License: http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
if InputType:
@register(InputType)
def save_stringi(pickler, obj):
log.info("Io: %s" % obj)
if obj.closed:
value = ''; position = 0
else:
value = obj.getvalue(); position = obj.tell()
pickler.save_reduce(_create_stringi, (value, position, \
obj.closed), obj=obj)
log.info("# Io")
return
@register(OutputType)
def save_stringo(pickler, obj):
log.info("Io: %s" % obj)
if obj.closed:
value = ''; position = 0
else:
value = obj.getvalue(); position = obj.tell()
pickler.save_reduce(_create_stringo, (value, position, \
obj.closed), obj=obj)
log.info("# Io")
return
@register(PartialType)
def save_functor(pickler, obj):
log.info("Fu: %s" % obj)
pickler.save_reduce(_create_ftype, (type(obj), obj.func, obj.args,
obj.keywords), obj=obj)
log.info("# Fu")
return
@register(SuperType)
def save_super(pickler, obj):
log.info("Su: %s" % obj)
pickler.save_reduce(super, (obj.__thisclass__, obj.__self__), obj=obj)
log.info("# Su")
return
@register(BuiltinMethodType)
def save_builtin_method(pickler, obj):
if obj.__self__ is not None:
if obj.__self__ is __builtin__:
module = 'builtins' if PY3 else '__builtin__'
_t = "B1"
log.info("%s: %s" % (_t, obj))
else:
module = obj.__self__
_t = "B3"
log.info("%s: %s" % (_t, obj))
if is_dill(pickler):
_recurse = pickler._recurse
pickler._recurse = False
pickler.save_reduce(_get_attr, (module, obj.__name__), obj=obj)
if is_dill(pickler):
pickler._recurse = _recurse
log.info("# %s" % _t)
else:
log.info("B2: %s" % obj)
StockPickler.save_global(pickler, obj)
log.info("# B2")
return
@register(MethodType) #FIXME: fails for 'hidden' or 'name-mangled' classes
def save_instancemethod0(pickler, obj):# example: cStringIO.StringI
log.info("Me: %s" % obj) #XXX: obj.__dict__ handled elsewhere?
if PY3:
pickler.save_reduce(MethodType, (obj.__func__, obj.__self__), obj=obj)
else:
pickler.save_reduce(MethodType, (obj.im_func, obj.im_self,
obj.im_class), obj=obj)
log.info("# Me")
return
if sys.hexversion >= 0x20500f0:
if not IS_PYPY:
@register(MemberDescriptorType)
@register(GetSetDescriptorType)
@register(MethodDescriptorType)
@register(WrapperDescriptorType)
@register(ClassMethodDescriptorType)
def save_wrapper_descriptor(pickler, obj):
log.info("Wr: %s" % obj)
pickler.save_reduce(_getattr, (obj.__objclass__, obj.__name__,
obj.__repr__()), obj=obj)
log.info("# Wr")
return
else:
@register(MemberDescriptorType)
@register(GetSetDescriptorType)
def save_wrapper_descriptor(pickler, obj):
log.info("Wr: %s" % obj)
pickler.save_reduce(_getattr, (obj.__objclass__, obj.__name__,
obj.__repr__()), obj=obj)
log.info("# Wr")
return
@register(MethodWrapperType)
def save_instancemethod(pickler, obj):
log.info("Mw: %s" % obj)
pickler.save_reduce(getattr, (obj.__self__, obj.__name__), obj=obj)
log.info("# Mw")
return
elif not IS_PYPY:
@register(MethodDescriptorType)
@register(WrapperDescriptorType)
def save_wrapper_descriptor(pickler, obj):
log.info("Wr: %s" % obj)
pickler.save_reduce(_getattr, (obj.__objclass__, obj.__name__,
obj.__repr__()), obj=obj)
log.info("# Wr")
return
@register(CellType)
def save_cell(pickler, obj):
log.info("Ce: %s" % obj)
f = obj.cell_contents
pickler.save_reduce(_create_cell, (f,), obj=obj)
log.info("# Ce")
return
# The following function is based on 'saveDictProxy' from spickle
# Copyright (c) 2011 by science+computing ag
# License: http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
if not IS_PYPY:
@register(DictProxyType)
def save_dictproxy(pickler, obj):
log.info("Dp: %s" % obj)
attr = obj.get('__dict__')
#pickler.save_reduce(_create_dictproxy, (attr,'nested'), obj=obj)
if type(attr) == GetSetDescriptorType and attr.__name__ == "__dict__" \
and getattr(attr.__objclass__, "__dict__", None) == obj:
pickler.save_reduce(getattr, (attr.__objclass__,"__dict__"),obj=obj)
log.info("# Dp")
return
# all bad below... so throw ReferenceError or TypeError
raise ReferenceError("%s does not reference a class __dict__" % obj)
@register(SliceType)
def save_slice(pickler, obj):
log.info("Sl: %s" % obj)
pickler.save_reduce(slice, (obj.start, obj.stop, obj.step), obj=obj)
log.info("# Sl")
return
@register(XRangeType)
@register(EllipsisType)
@register(NotImplementedType)
def save_singleton(pickler, obj):
log.info("Si: %s" % obj)
pickler.save_reduce(_eval_repr, (obj.__repr__(),), obj=obj)
log.info("# Si")
return
def _proxy_helper(obj): # a dead proxy returns a reference to None
"""get memory address of proxy's reference object"""
_repr = repr(obj)
try: _str = str(obj)
except ReferenceError: # it's a dead proxy
return id(None)
if _str == _repr: return id(obj) # it's a repr
try: # either way, it's a proxy from here
address = int(_str.rstrip('>').split(' at ')[-1], base=16)
except ValueError: # special case: proxy of a 'type'
if not IS_PYPY:
address = int(_repr.rstrip('>').split(' at ')[-1], base=16)
else:
objects = iter(gc.get_objects())
for _obj in objects:
if repr(_obj) == _str: return id(_obj)
# all bad below... nothing found so throw ReferenceError
msg = "Cannot reference object for proxy at '%s'" % id(obj)
raise ReferenceError(msg)
return address
def _locate_object(address, module=None):
"""get object located at the given memory address (inverse of id(obj))"""
special = [None, True, False] #XXX: more...?
for obj in special:
if address == id(obj): return obj
if module:
if PY3:
objects = iter(module.__dict__.values())
else:
objects = module.__dict__.itervalues()
else: objects = iter(gc.get_objects())
for obj in objects:
if address == id(obj): return obj
# all bad below... nothing found so throw ReferenceError or TypeError
try: address = hex(address)
except TypeError:
raise TypeError("'%s' is not a valid memory address" % str(address))
raise ReferenceError("Cannot reference object at '%s'" % address)
@register(ReferenceType)
def save_weakref(pickler, obj):
refobj = obj()
log.info("R1: %s" % obj)
#refobj = ctypes.pythonapi.PyWeakref_GetObject(obj) # dead returns "None"
pickler.save_reduce(_create_weakref, (refobj,), obj=obj)
log.info("# R1")
return
@register(ProxyType)
@register(CallableProxyType)
def save_weakproxy(pickler, obj):
refobj = _locate_object(_proxy_helper(obj))
try:
_t = "R2"
log.info("%s: %s" % (_t, obj))
except ReferenceError:
_t = "R3"
log.info("%s: %s" % (_t, sys.exc_info()[1]))
#callable = bool(getattr(refobj, '__call__', None))
if type(obj) is CallableProxyType: callable = True
else: callable = False
pickler.save_reduce(_create_weakproxy, (refobj, callable), obj=obj)
log.info("# %s" % _t)
return
@register(ModuleType)
def save_module(pickler, obj):
if False: #_use_diff:
if obj.__name__ != "dill":
try:
changed = diff.whats_changed(obj, seen=pickler._diff_cache)[0]
except RuntimeError: # not memorised module, probably part of dill
pass
else:
log.info("M1: %s with diff" % obj)
log.info("Diff: %s", changed.keys())
pickler.save_reduce(_import_module, (obj.__name__,), obj=obj,
state=changed)
log.info("# M1")
return
log.info("M2: %s" % obj)
pickler.save_reduce(_import_module, (obj.__name__,), obj=obj)
log.info("# M2")
else:
# if a module file name starts with prefix, it should be a builtin
# module, so should be pickled as a reference
if hasattr(obj, "__file__"):
names = ["base_prefix", "base_exec_prefix", "exec_prefix",
"prefix", "real_prefix"]
builtin_mod = any([obj.__file__.startswith(os.path.normpath(getattr(sys, name)))
for name in names if hasattr(sys, name)])
builtin_mod = builtin_mod or 'site-packages' in obj.__file__
else:
builtin_mod = True
if obj.__name__ not in ("builtins", "dill") \
and not builtin_mod or is_dill(pickler) and obj is pickler._main:
log.info("M1: %s" % obj)
_main_dict = obj.__dict__.copy() #XXX: better no copy? option to copy?
[_main_dict.pop(item, None) for item in singletontypes
+ ["__builtins__", "__loader__"]]
pickler.save_reduce(_import_module, (obj.__name__,), obj=obj,
state=_main_dict)
log.info("# M1")
else:
log.info("M2: %s" % obj)
pickler.save_reduce(_import_module, (obj.__name__,), obj=obj)
log.info("# M2")
return
return
@register(TypeType)
def save_type(pickler, obj):
#stack[id(obj)] = len(stack), obj #XXX: probably don't obj in all cases below
if obj in _typemap:
log.info("T1: %s" % obj)
pickler.save_reduce(_load_type, (_typemap[obj],), obj=obj)
log.info("# T1")
elif issubclass(obj, tuple) and all([hasattr(obj, attr) for attr in ('_fields','_asdict','_make','_replace')]):
# special case: namedtuples
log.info("T6: %s" % obj)
pickler.save_reduce(_create_namedtuple, (getattr(obj, "__qualname__", obj.__name__), obj._fields, obj.__module__), obj=obj)
log.info("# T6")
return
elif obj.__module__ == '__main__':
if issubclass(type(obj), type):
# try: # used when pickling the class as code (or the interpreter)
if is_dill(pickler) and not pickler._byref:
# thanks to Tom Stepleton pointing out pickler._session unneeded
_t = 'T2'
log.info("%s: %s" % (_t, obj))
_dict = _dict_from_dictproxy(obj.__dict__)
# except: # punt to StockPickler (pickle by class reference)
else:
log.info("T5: %s" % obj)
StockPickler.save_global(pickler, obj)
log.info("# T5")
return
else:
_t = 'T3'
log.info("%s: %s" % (_t, obj))
_dict = obj.__dict__
#print (_dict)
#print ("%s\n%s" % (type(obj), obj.__name__))
#print ("%s\n%s" % (obj.__bases__, obj.__dict__))
for name in _dict.get("__slots__", []):
del _dict[name]
pickler.save_reduce(_create_type, (type(obj), obj.__name__,
obj.__bases__, _dict), obj=obj)
log.info("# %s" % _t)
# special cases: NoneType
elif obj is type(None):
log.info("T7: %s" % obj)
if PY3:
pickler.write(bytes('c__builtin__\nNoneType\n', 'UTF-8'))
else:
pickler.write('c__builtin__\nNoneType\n')
log.info("# T7")
else:
log.info("T4: %s" % obj)
#print (obj.__dict__)
#print ("%s\n%s" % (type(obj), obj.__name__))
#print ("%s\n%s" % (obj.__bases__, obj.__dict__))
StockPickler.save_global(pickler, obj)
log.info("# T4")
return
@register(property)
def save_property(pickler, obj):
log.info("Pr: %s" % obj)
pickler.save_reduce(property, (obj.fget, obj.fset, obj.fdel, obj.__doc__),
obj=obj)
log.info("# Pr")
@register(staticmethod)
@register(classmethod)
def save_classmethod(pickler, obj):
log.info("Cm: %s" % obj)
im_func = '__func__' if PY3 else 'im_func'
try:
orig_func = getattr(obj, im_func)
except AttributeError: # Python 2.6
orig_func = obj.__get__(None, object)
if isinstance(obj, classmethod):
orig_func = getattr(orig_func, im_func) # Unbind
pickler.save_reduce(type(obj), (orig_func,), obj=obj)
log.info("# Cm")
@register(FunctionType)
def save_function(pickler, obj):
if not _locate_function(obj): #, pickler._session):
log.info("F1: %s" % obj)
if getattr(pickler, '_recurse', False):
# recurse to get all globals referred to by obj
from .detect import globalvars
globs = globalvars(obj, recurse=True, builtin=True)
# remove objects that have already been serialized
#stacktypes = (ClassType, TypeType, FunctionType)
#for key,value in list(globs.items()):
# if isinstance(value, stacktypes) and id(value) in stack:
# del globs[key]
# ABORT: if self-references, use _recurse=False
if id(obj) in stack: # or obj in globs.values():
globs = obj.__globals__ if PY3 else obj.func_globals
else:
globs = obj.__globals__ if PY3 else obj.func_globals
_byref = getattr(pickler, '_byref', None)
_recurse = getattr(pickler, '_recurse', None)
_memo = (id(obj) in stack) and (_recurse is not None)
#print("stack: %s + '%s'" % (set(hex(i) for i in stack),hex(id(obj))))
stack[id(obj)] = len(stack), obj
if PY3:
#NOTE: workaround for 'super' (see issue #75)
_super = ('super' in getattr(obj.__code__,'co_names',())) and (_byref is not None)
if _super: pickler._byref = True
if _memo: pickler._recurse = False
pickler.save_reduce(_create_function, (obj.__code__,
globs, obj.__name__,
obj.__defaults__, obj.__closure__,
obj.__dict__), obj=obj)
else:
_super = ('super' in getattr(obj.func_code,'co_names',())) and (_byref is not None) and getattr(pickler, '_recurse', False)
if _super: pickler._byref = True
if _memo: pickler._recurse = False
pickler.save_reduce(_create_function, (obj.func_code,
globs, obj.func_name,
obj.func_defaults, obj.func_closure,
obj.__dict__), obj=obj)
if _super: pickler._byref = _byref
if _memo: pickler._recurse = _recurse
#clear = (_byref, _super, _recurse, _memo)
#print(clear + (OLDER,))
#NOTE: workaround for #234; "partial" still is problematic for recurse
if OLDER and not _byref and (_super or (not _super and _memo) or (not _super and not _memo and _recurse)): pickler.clear_memo()
#if _memo:
# stack.remove(id(obj))
# #pickler.clear_memo()
# #StockPickler.clear_memo(pickler)
log.info("# F1")
else:
log.info("F2: %s" % obj)
StockPickler.save_global(pickler, obj) #NOTE: also takes name=...
log.info("# F2")
return
# quick sanity checking
def pickles(obj,exact=False,safe=False,**kwds):
"""quick check if object pickles with dill"""
if safe: exceptions = (Exception,) # RuntimeError, ValueError
else:
exceptions = (TypeError, AssertionError, PicklingError, UnpicklingError)
try:
pik = copy(obj, **kwds)
try:
result = bool(pik.all() == obj.all())
except AttributeError:
result = pik == obj
if result: return True
if not exact:
result = type(pik) == type(obj)
if result: return result
# class instances might have been dumped with byref=False
return repr(type(pik)) == repr(type(obj)) #XXX: InstanceType?
return False
except exceptions:
return False
def check(obj, *args, **kwds):
"""check pickling of an object across another process"""
# == undocumented ==
# python -- the string path or executable name of the selected python
# verbose -- if True, be verbose about printing warning messages
# all other args and kwds are passed to dill.dumps
verbose = kwds.pop('verbose', False)
python = kwds.pop('python', None)
if python is None:
import sys
python = sys.executable
# type check
isinstance(python, str)
import subprocess
fail = True
try:
_obj = dumps(obj, *args, **kwds)
fail = False
finally:
if fail and verbose:
print("DUMP FAILED")
msg = "%s -c import dill; print(dill.loads(%s))" % (python, repr(_obj))
msg = "SUCCESS" if not subprocess.call(msg.split(None,2)) else "LOAD FAILED"
if verbose:
print(msg)
return
# use to protect against missing attributes
def is_dill(pickler, child=None):
"check the dill-ness of your pickler"
if (child is False) or PY34 or (not hasattr(pickler.__class__, 'mro')):
return 'dill' in pickler.__module__
return Pickler in pickler.__class__.mro()
def _extend():
"""extend pickle with all of dill's registered types"""
# need to have pickle not choke on _main_module? use is_dill(pickler)
for t,func in Pickler.dispatch.items():
try:
StockPickler.dispatch[t] = func
except: #TypeError, PicklingError, UnpicklingError
log.info("skip: %s" % t)
else: pass
return
del diff, _use_diff, use_diff
# EOF