TITLE HH channel that includes both a sodium and a delayed rectifier channel
COMMENT
Original taken from: Bernader, et al., 1991, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 11569-11573, doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.24.11569
Accounts for sodium conductance attenuation:
Jung et al., 1997, J. Neurosci. 17, 6639-6647, doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-17-06639.1997
Migliore et al., 1999, J. Comput. Neurosci. 7, 5-15, doi: 10.1023/a:1008906225285
Bartlett Mel-modified Hodgkin - Huxley conductances
Terrence Brannon-added attenuation
Yiota Poirazi-modified Kdr and Na threshold and time constants to make it more stable
Yiota Poirazi-modified threshold for soma/axon spike initiation (threshold about -57 mV), USC Los Angeles 2000, poirazi@LNC.usc.edu
This file is used ONLY in soma and axon sections
ENDCOMMENT
NEURON {
SUFFIX hha2
USEION na READ ena WRITE ina
USEION k READ ek WRITE ik
NONSPECIFIC_CURRENT il
RANGE gnabar, gkbar, gl, el, ik, il, ina
RANGE ar2
}
UNITS {
(mA) = (milliamp)
(mV) = (millivolt)
(S) = (siemens)
FARADAY = (faraday) (kilocoulombs)
R = (k-mole) (joule/degC)
}
PARAMETER {
: parameters that can be entered when function is called in cell-setup
a0r = 0.0003 (/ms)
b0r = 0.0003 (/ms)
zetar = 12
zetas = 12
gmr = 0.2
: Na-conductance attenuation, "s", (ar=1 -> zero attenuation)
ar2 = 1.0 :initialized parameter for location-dependent
taumin = 3 (ms) :min activation time for "s" attenuation system
vvs = 2 (mV) :slope for "s" attenuation system
vhalfr = -50 (mV) :half potential for "s" attenuation system
gnabar = 0 (S/cm2)
gkbar = 0 (S/cm2)
gl = 0 (S/cm2)
}
ASSIGNED { : parameters needed to solve DE
v (mV)
ena (mV)
ek (mV)
el (mV)
celsius (degC)
ina (mA/cm2)
ik (mA/cm2)
il (mA/cm2)
minf
taum (ms)
hinf
tauh (ms)
sinf
taus (ms)
ninf
taun (ms)
}
STATE { :the unknown parameters to be solved in the DEs
m
h
s
n
}
BREAKPOINT {
SOLVE states METHOD cnexp
ina = gnabar*pow(m, 2)*h*s*(v - ena) :Sodium current
ik = gkbar*pow(n, 2)*(v - ek) :Potassium current
il = gl*(v - el) :leak current
}
DERIVATIVE states {
rates(v)
m' = (minf - m)/taum :Na activation variable
h' = (hinf - h)/tauh :Na inactivation variable
s' = (sinf - s)/taus :Na attenuation variable
n' = (ninf - n)/taun :K activation variable
}
INITIAL {:initialize the following parameter using states()
rates(v)
m = minf
h = hinf
s = 1
n = ninf
}
FUNCTION alpr(v (mV)) (1) {
:used in "s" activation system tau
alpr = exp(1.e-3*zetar*(v-vhalfr)*FARADAY/(R*(273.16+celsius)))
}
FUNCTION betr(v (mV)) (1) {
:used in "s" activation system tau
betr = exp(1.e-3*zetar*gmr*(v-vhalfr)*FARADAY/(R*(273.16+celsius)))
}
PROCEDURE rates(v (mV)) {
minf = 1 / (1 + exp((v - 3.0(mV) + 42.5(mV))/(-3(mV)))) : Na activation
hinf = 1 / (1 + exp((v - 3.0(mV) + 49(mV))/(3.5(mV)))) : Na inactivation
sinf = (1+ar2*exp((v-vhalfr)/vvs))/(1+exp((v-vhalfr)/vvs)) : Na attenuation
ninf = 1 / (1 + exp((v - 3.0(mV) + 46.3(mV))/(-3(mV)))) : K activation
taum = 0.05 :Na activation tau
tauh = 1.0 :Na inactivation tau
taun = 1.0 :3.5 :K activation tau
taus = betr(v)/(a0r+b0r*alpr(v)) :s activation tau
if (taus<taumin) {taus = taumin}
}