:Tone to Pyramidal Cells AMPA+NMDA with local Ca2+ pool NEURON { POINT_PROCESS tone2pyrVNE_LAdd USEION ca READ eca NONSPECIFIC_CURRENT inmda, iampa RANGE initW RANGE Cdur_nmda, AlphaTmax_nmda, Beta_nmda, Erev_nmda, gbar_nmda, W_nmda, on_nmda, g_nmda RANGE Cdur_ampa, AlphaTmax_ampa, Beta_ampa, Erev_ampa, gbar_ampa, W, on_ampa, g_ampa RANGE eca, ICa, P0, fCa, tauCa, iCatotal RANGE Cainf, pooldiam, z RANGE lambda1, lambda2, threshold1, threshold2 RANGE fmax, fmin, Wmax, Wmin, maxChange, normW, scaleW RANGE pregid,postgid } UNITS { (mV) = (millivolt) (nA) = (nanoamp) (uS) = (microsiemens) FARADAY = 96485 (coul) pi = 3.141592 (1) } PARAMETER { Cdur_nmda = 16.7650 (ms) AlphaTmax_nmda = .2659 (/ms) Beta_nmda = 0.008 (/ms) Erev_nmda = 0 (mV) gbar_nmda = .5e-3 (uS) Cdur_ampa = 1.4210 (ms) AlphaTmax_ampa = 3.8142 (/ms) Beta_ampa = 0.1429 (/ms) Erev_ampa = 0 (mV) gbar_ampa = 1e-3 (uS) eca = 120 Cainf = 50e-6 (mM) pooldiam = 1.8172 (micrometer) z = 2 tauCa = 50 (ms) P0 = .015 fCa = .024 NEstart1 = 39500 NEstop1 = 40000 NEstart2 = 35900 NEstop2 = 36000 NE_t1 = 1 : 0.9 : 0.8 NE_t2 = 0.9 : 1 : 1.4 : 1 NE_S = 1.5 : 1.5 : 1.1 Beta1 = 0.001 (/ms) : 1/decay time for neuromodulators Beta2 = 0.0001 (/ms) initW = 4 : 5 : 5 : 5 : 4 : 3 : 3 : 4 lambda1 = 80 : 60 : 16 lambda2 = .04 : .03 threshold1 = 0.40 : 0.35 : 0.45 : 0.5 : 0.3 (uM) threshold2 = 0.53 : 0.55 : 0.60 : 0.55 : 0.55 : 0.6 : 0.4 : 0.45 (uM) fmax = 2.6 : 3 : 4 : 3 fmin = .8 } ASSIGNED { v (mV) inmda (nA) g_nmda (uS) on_nmda W_nmda iampa (nA) g_ampa (uS) on_ampa W t0 (ms) ICa (mA) Afactor (mM/ms/nA) iCatotal (mA) dW_ampa Wmax Wmin maxChange normW scaleW pregid postgid } STATE { r_nmda r_ampa capoolcon } INITIAL { on_nmda = 0 r_nmda = 0 W_nmda = initW on_ampa = 0 r_ampa = 0 W = initW t0 = -1 Wmax = fmax*initW Wmin = fmin*initW maxChange = (Wmax-Wmin)/10 dW_ampa = 0 capoolcon = Cainf Afactor = 1/(z*FARADAY*4/3*pi*(pooldiam/2)^3)*(1e6) } BREAKPOINT { SOLVE release METHOD cnexp } DERIVATIVE release { if (t0>0) { if (t-t0 < Cdur_nmda) { on_nmda = 1 } else { on_nmda = 0 } if (t-t0 < Cdur_ampa) { on_ampa = 1 } else { on_ampa = 0 } } r_nmda' = AlphaTmax_nmda*on_nmda*(1-r_nmda)-Beta_nmda*r_nmda r_ampa' = AlphaTmax_ampa*on_ampa*(1-r_ampa)-Beta_ampa*r_ampa dW_ampa = eta(capoolcon)*(lambda1*omega(capoolcon, threshold1, threshold2)-lambda2*W)*dt : Limit for extreme large weight changes if (fabs(dW_ampa) > maxChange) { if (dW_ampa < 0) { dW_ampa = -1*maxChange } else { dW_ampa = maxChange } } :Normalize the weight change normW = (W-Wmin)/(Wmax-Wmin) if (dW_ampa < 0) { scaleW = sqrt(fabs(normW)) } else { scaleW = sqrt(fabs(1.0-normW)) } W = W + dW_ampa*scaleW :Weight value limits if (W > Wmax) { W = Wmax } else if (W < Wmin) { W = Wmin } g_nmda = gbar_nmda*r_nmda*NEn(NEstart1,NEstop1)*NE2(NEstart2,NEstop2) inmda = W_nmda*g_nmda*(v - Erev_nmda)*sfunc(v) g_ampa = gbar_ampa*r_ampa iampa = W*g_ampa*(v - Erev_ampa) ICa = P0*g_nmda*(v - eca)*sfunc(v) capoolcon'= -fCa*Afactor*ICa + (Cainf-capoolcon)/tauCa } NET_RECEIVE(dummy_weight) { t0 = t } :::::::::::: FUNCTIONs and PROCEDUREs :::::::::::: FUNCTION sfunc (v (mV)) { UNITSOFF sfunc = 1/(1+0.33*exp(-0.06*v)) UNITSON } FUNCTION eta(Cani (mM)) { LOCAL taulearn, P1, P2, P4, Cacon P1 = 0.1 P2 = P1*1e-4 P4 = 1 Cacon = Cani*1e3 taulearn = P1/(P2+Cacon*Cacon*Cacon)+P4 eta = 1/taulearn*0.001 } FUNCTION omega(Cani (mM), threshold1 (uM), threshold2 (uM)) { LOCAL r, mid, Cacon Cacon = Cani*1e3 r = (threshold2-threshold1)/2 mid = (threshold1+threshold2)/2 if (Cacon <= threshold1) { omega = 0} else if (Cacon >= threshold2) { omega = 1/(1+50*exp(-50*(Cacon-threshold2)))} else {omega = -sqrt(r*r-(Cacon-mid)*(Cacon-mid))} } FUNCTION NEn(NEstart1 (ms), NEstop1 (ms)) { LOCAL NEtemp1, NEtemp2, NEtemp3, NEtemp4, NEtemp5, NEtemp6, NEtemp7, NEtemp8, NEtemp9, NEtemp10, NEtemp11, NEtemp12, NEtemp13, NEtemp14, NEtemp15, NEtemp16, NEtemp17, NEtemp18,s NEtemp1 = NEstart1+4000 NEtemp2 = NEtemp1+4000 NEtemp3 = NEtemp2+4000 NEtemp4 = NEtemp3+4000 NEtemp5 = NEtemp4+4000 NEtemp6 = NEtemp5+4000 NEtemp7 = NEtemp6+4000 NEtemp8 = NEtemp7+4000 NEtemp9 = NEtemp8+4000 NEtemp10 = NEtemp9+4000 NEtemp11 = NEtemp10+4000 NEtemp12 = NEtemp11+4000 NEtemp13 = NEtemp12+4000 NEtemp14 = NEtemp13+4000 NEtemp15 = NEtemp14 + 4000 + 100000 : 100sec Gap NEtemp16 = NEtemp15 + 4000 NEtemp17 = NEtemp16 + 4000 NEtemp18 = NEtemp17 + 4000 if (t <= NEstart1) { NEn = 1.0} else if (t >= NEstart1 && t <= NEstop1) {NEn = NE_t1} : 2nd tone in early conditioning (EC) else if (t > NEstop1 && t < NEtemp1) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t1-1)*exp(-Beta1*(t-NEstop1))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp1 && t <= NEtemp1+500) {NEn = NE_t1} : 3rd tone EC else if (t > NEtemp1+500 && t < NEtemp2) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t1-1)*exp(-Beta1*(t-NEstop1))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp2 && t <= NEtemp2+500) {NEn = NE_t1} : 4th tone EC else if (t > NEtemp2+500 && t < NEtemp3) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t1-1)*exp(-Beta1*(t-(NEtemp2+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp3 && t <= NEtemp3+500) {NEn = NE_t1} : 5th tone EC else if (t > NEtemp3+500 && t < NEtemp4) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t1-1)*exp(-Beta1*(t-(NEtemp3+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp4 && t <= NEtemp4+500) {NEn = NE_t1} : 6th tone EC else if (t > NEtemp4+500 && t < NEtemp5) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t1-1)*exp(-Beta1*(t-(NEtemp4+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp5 && t <= NEtemp5+500) {NEn = NE_t1} : 7th tone EC else if (t > NEtemp5+500 && t < NEtemp6) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t1-1)*exp(-Beta1*(t-(NEtemp5+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp6 && t <= NEtemp6+500) {NEn = NE_t1} : 8th tone EC else if (t > NEtemp6+500 && t < NEtemp7) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t1-1)*exp(-Beta1*(t-(NEtemp6+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp7 && t <= NEtemp7+500) {NEn = NE_t2} : 9th tone - Second Step late cond (LC) else if (t > NEtemp7+500 && t < NEtemp8) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t2-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NEtemp7+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp8 && t <= NEtemp8+500) {NEn = NE_t2} : 10th tone LC else if (t > NEtemp8+500 && t < NEtemp9) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t2-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NEtemp8+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp9 && t <= NEtemp9+500) {NEn = NE_t2} : 11th tone LC else if (t > NEtemp9+500 && t < NEtemp10) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t2-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NEtemp9+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp10 && t <= NEtemp10+500) {NEn = NE_t2} : 12th tone LC else if (t > NEtemp10+500 && t < NEtemp11) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t2-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NEtemp10+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp11 && t <= NEtemp11+500) {NEn = NE_t2} : 13th tone LC else if (t > NEtemp11+500 && t < NEtemp12) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t2-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NEtemp11+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp12 && t <= NEtemp12+500) {NEn = NE_t2} : 14th tone LC else if (t > NEtemp12+500 && t < NEtemp13) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t2-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NEtemp12+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp13 && t <= NEtemp13+500) {NEn = NE_t2} : 15th tone LC else if (t > NEtemp13+500 && t < NEtemp14) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t2-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NEtemp13+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp14 && t <= NEtemp14+500) {NEn = NE_t2} : 16th tone LC else if (t > NEtemp14+500 && t < NEtemp15) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t2-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NEtemp14+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp15 && t <= NEtemp15+500) {NEn = NE_t2} : 1st tone in Early Extinction EE else if (t > NEtemp15+500 && t < NEtemp16) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t2-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NEtemp15+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp16 && t <= NEtemp16+500) {NEn = NE_t2} : 2nd tone EE else if (t > NEtemp16+500 && t < NEtemp17) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t2-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NEtemp16+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp17 && t <= NEtemp17+500) {NEn = NE_t2} : 3rd tone EE else if (t > NEtemp17+500 && t < NEtemp18) {NEn = 1.0 + (NE_t2-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NEtemp17+500)))} : Basal level else if (t >= NEtemp18 && t <= NEtemp18+500) {NEn = NE_t2} : 4th tone EE else { NEn = 1.0} } FUNCTION NE2(NEstart2 (ms), NEstop2 (ms)) { LOCAL NE2temp1, NE2temp2, NE2temp3, NE2temp4, NE2temp5, NE2temp6, NE2temp7, NE2temp8, NE2temp9, NE2temp10, NE2temp11, NE2temp12, NE2temp13, NE2temp14, NE2temp15, NE2temp16,s NE2temp1 = NEstart2 + 4000 NE2temp2 = NE2temp1 + 4000 NE2temp3 = NE2temp2 + 4000 NE2temp4 = NE2temp3 + 4000 NE2temp5 = NE2temp4 + 4000 NE2temp6 = NE2temp5 + 4000 NE2temp7 = NE2temp6 + 4000 NE2temp8 = NE2temp7 + 4000 NE2temp9 = NE2temp8 + 4000 NE2temp10 = NE2temp9 + 4000 NE2temp11 = NE2temp10 + 4000 NE2temp12 = NE2temp11 + 4000 NE2temp13 = NE2temp12 + 4000 NE2temp14 = NE2temp13 + 4000 NE2temp15 = NE2temp14 + 4000 if (t <= NEstart2) { NE2 = 1.0} else if (t >= NEstart2 && t <= NEstop2) {NE2 = NE_S } : 1st shock else if (t > NEstop2 && t < NE2temp1) {NE2 = 1.0 + (NE_S-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NEstop2+500)))} else if (t >= NE2temp1 && t <= NE2temp1+100) {NE2=NE_S} : 2nd shock else if (t > NE2temp1+100 && t < NE2temp2) {NE2 = 1.0 + (NE_S-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NE2temp1+100)))} else if (t >= NE2temp2 && t <= NE2temp2+100) {NE2=NE_S} : 3rd shock else if (t > NE2temp2+100 && t < NE2temp3) {NE2 = 1.0 + (NE_S-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NE2temp2+100)))} else if (t >= NE2temp3 && t <= NE2temp3+100) {NE2=NE_S} : 4th shock else if (t > NE2temp3+100 && t < NE2temp4) {NE2 = 1.0 + (NE_S-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NE2temp3+100)))} else if (t >= NE2temp4 && t <= NE2temp4+100) {NE2=NE_S} : 5th shock else if (t > NE2temp4+100 && t < NE2temp5) {NE2 = 1.0 + (NE_S-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NE2temp4+100)))} else if (t >= NE2temp5 && t <= NE2temp5+100) {NE2=NE_S} : 6th shock else if (t > NE2temp5+100 && t < NE2temp6) {NE2 = 1.0 + (NE_S-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NE2temp5+100)))} else if (t >= NE2temp6 && t <= NE2temp6+100) {NE2=NE_S} : 7th shock else if (t > NE2temp6+100 && t < NE2temp7) {NE2 = 1.0 + (NE_S-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NE2temp6+100)))} else if (t >= NE2temp7 && t <= NE2temp7+100) {NE2=NE_S} : 8th shock else if (t > NE2temp7+100 && t < NE2temp8) {NE2 = 1.0 + (NE_S-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NE2temp7+100)))} else if (t >= NE2temp8 && t <= NE2temp8+100) {NE2=NE_S } : 9th shock else if (t > NE2temp8+100 && t < NE2temp9) {NE2 = 1.0 + (NE_S-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NE2temp8+100)))} else if (t >= NE2temp9 && t <= NE2temp9+100) {NE2=NE_S } : 10th shock else if (t > NE2temp9+100 && t < NE2temp10) {NE2 = 1.0 + (NE_S-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NE2temp9+100)))} else if (t >= NE2temp10 && t <= NE2temp10+100) {NE2=NE_S} : 11th shock else if (t > NE2temp10+100 && t < NE2temp11) {NE2 = 1.0 + (NE_S-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NE2temp10+100)))} else if (t >= NE2temp11 && t <= NE2temp11+100) {NE2=NE_S } : 12th shock else if (t > NE2temp11+100 && t < NE2temp12) {NE2 = 1.0 + (NE_S-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NE2temp11+100)))} else if (t >= NE2temp12 && t <= NE2temp12+100) {NE2=NE_S} : 13th shock else if (t > NE2temp12+100 && t < NE2temp13) {NE2 = 1.0 + (NE_S-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NE2temp12+100)))} else if (t >= NE2temp13 && t <= NE2temp13+100) {NE2=NE_S } : 14th shock else if (t > NE2temp13+100 && t < NE2temp14) {NE2 = 1.0 + (NE_S-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NE2temp13+100)))} else if (t >= NE2temp14 && t <= NE2temp14+100) {NE2=NE_S} : 15th shock else if (t > NE2temp14+100 && t < NE2temp15) {NE2 = 1.0 + (NE_S-1)*exp(-Beta2*(t-(NE2temp14+100)))} else if (t >= NE2temp15 && t <= NE2temp15+100) {NE2=NE_S} : 16th shock else { NE2 = 1.0} }